在Tezos中有可能发生51％的攻击吗？

目前,大约有80％的tezos代币被有效地用于烘焙/抵押,因此您可以在交易所购买的流通供应量非常低.

因此,攻击者目前甚至不可能购买51％的tezos令牌并成为"多数持有人".

现在,共识协议本身不允许51％的持有者像这样那样花一倍,因为块烘焙权是提前很长时间分配的(大约7个周期或大约21天),并且要创建重组,您需要展示一系列比当前链具有更高适应性的块,因此,如果您现在查看链,您已经可以知道是否已授予某些面包师连续烘烤多个块的权限.

通常要在tezos中实现统计上的确定性,您可以等待30个确认,然后再发送足够的确认以至于极不可能被重组.

因此,您看到以您所描述的方式攻击网络不仅需要大笔赌注,而且需要很长一段时间的大笔赌注,这并不容易.

您还可以在tezos的此处中找到有关确定性的更多信息.

At the present time about 80% of the tezos tokens are actively used to bake/stake so the circulating supply you can buy on exchange is quite low.

Therefore it would not even possible currently for an attacker to purchase 51% of tezos token and become a "majority holder".

Now the consensus protocol itself would not allow a 51% holder to double spend just like that because block baking rights are allocated long in advance (7 cycles or 21 days roughly) and to create a reorg you need to show a succession of block that have higher fitness than the current chain so if you look at the chain now you could already tell if some baker has been given rights to bake multiple blocks in succession.

In general to achieve statistical finality in tezos, you can wait 30 confirmations before you tx has enough confirmations to be ultra unlikely to be reorged away.

So you see that to attack the network the way you describe would not only require a large stake but also a large stake for a long time and that's not easy.

You can also find more information about finality in tezos here.